Medical history and physical examination for diverticulitis

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A health professional usually will take a medical history and perform a physical exam if you have symptoms of diverticulitis.

If your medical problem affects your abdomen, your health professional will ask questions (medical history) about:

• Your bowel function, including the number of times a day or week you pass a stool, changes in how often you feel the need to go to the bathroom, the size and shape of your stool, any blood or mucus in your stool, and whether you have diarrhea or constipation.
• Abdominal pain, including when the pain first began, where it is located, how severe it is, how long it lasts, how often it occurs, whether it gets worse when you move, whether anything makes it better or worse, and whether you have had similar pain in the past.
• Whether you have had a fever or chills.
• Urinary problems, including whether you have frequent urination, you have burning when you urinate, your urine has a strong odor, or you pass air or stool from your urethra (an indication you may have an opening, or fistula, between your colon and urinary tract).
• Any family history of similar symptoms.
• Your use of laxatives or antacids.
• Abdominal tenderness and when it began.
• If you are a woman, whether you have had any changes in your period, any vaginal discharge, or any infections or inflammations of the pelvic area.
• Any previous abdominal surgery.
• Any weight loss or gain.

A dietary history includes questions about the amount of fiber, fat, and salt in your diet. If your symptoms are mild and occur only occasionally, your health professional may recommend that you try a high-fiber, low-fat diet.

During the physical examination to learn the cause of an abdominal problem, your health professional will:

• Check your temperature to see if you have a fever.
• Listen to your heart and lungs.
• Look for swelling in your abdomen.
• Feel or press on (palpate) your abdomen and your back over your kidneys. While doing this, the health professional may check for enlargement of your liver or spleen. The health professional also may look for any hard or painful spots.
• Examine your rectum, and check your stool for blood.
• Do a pelvic examination (in women) to learn whether a problem with your reproductive organs could be causing your symptoms.

A history and physical exam are needed for anyone who sees a health professional about abdominal pain or tenderness or a change in bowel habits.

Your medical history and physical exam can provide your health professional with clues about the cause of your symptoms. Your health professional then may decide to do more tests (especially if there are several possible causes for your symptoms or if the cause is still unclear), begin treatment, or both.

If your symptoms are not severe, your health professional may recommend a change in your diet and watchful waiting.

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