Ir al menú principal Ir al contenido principal Ir al pie de página Para Medicare Para Proveedores Para Agentes Para Empleadores English Para individuos y familias: Para individuos y familias
Comprar planes

Comprar planes
Comprar tu propia cobertura
Médica Dental Otros seguros complementarios
Planes a través de tu empleador

Conoce sobre los beneficios médicos, dentales, de farmacia y voluntarios que tu empleador puede ofrecer.

Explorar cobertura a través de tu empleador
Aprender
Cómo comprar seguros de salud Tipos de seguro dental Período de Inscripción Abierta vs. Período Especial de Inscripción Ver todos los temas
¿Buscas cobertura de Medicare?
Comprar planes de Medicare
Guía para miembros
Buscar un médico
Médica Dental Otros seguros complementarios Explorar cobertura a través de tu empleador Cómo comprar seguros de salud Tipos de seguro dental Período de Inscripción Abierta vs. Período Especial de Inscripción Ver todos los temas Comprar planes de Medicare Guía para miembros Buscar un médico Ingresar a myCigna
Inicio Centro de información Biblioteca del bienestar Radiation Therapy for Cancer

Radiation Therapy for Cancer

Treatment Overview

Radiation therapy uses high energy rays, such as X-rays, to destroy cancer cells and shrink tumors in different parts of the body. It is used to treat many types of cancer.

Radiation damages the genetic material of cancer cells, which stops their growth. Radiation may also damage normal cells that are close to the cancer cells. But normal cells usually repair themselves, while the cancer cells cannot.

Side effects from radiation therapy are a problem. Usually the side effects are temporary. But some side effects may be permanent. Researchers keep looking for the lowest radiation dose that effectively kills cancer cells. And with new technology, people getting radiation therapy have fewer problems than in the past.

There are two main ways that radiation is done. When it is given from a machine outside the body, it's called external beam radiation, or EBRT. When radiation is placed inside the body, it's called internal radiation, or brachytherapy.

Other types of radiation include:

  • Systemic radiation therapy.
  • Fractionated radiation therapy.
  • Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT).
  • Proton therapy.
  • Targeted radiation therapy.

Radiation therapy may be given before surgery to shrink a tumor, such as with bladder cancer. Or it may be given during surgery or while you are getting chemotherapy. Or it may be given after other treatment, such as after surgery for breast cancer.

Radiation therapy may be given when a person with cancer is not well enough for other treatment, such as surgery. It's also used in palliative care for advanced or metastatic cancer. For example, it can relieve pain by shrinking tumors in the bones.

Why It Is Done

Why It Is Done

Radiation therapy is used to destroy cancer cells and to shrink tumors.

How Well It Works

How Well It Works

Radiation is one of the main treatments used to kill cancer cells. But it doesn't always cure cancer. Researchers continue to study safer and more effective ways to use radiation therapy to treat cancer.

Risks

Risks

Radiation therapy may shrink a tumor, give you relief from cancer symptoms, or possibly cure cancer. But it has risks for serious side effects. Your doctor will recommend radiation therapy if the doctor thinks that the benefit you may have from this treatment is greater than the risks.

Risks of radiation therapy during and right after treatment include:

  • Fatigue.
  • Nausea with or without vomiting.
  • Skin changes, such as turning red and flaking, peeling, or shrinking (radiation dermatitis).
  • Problems that are specific to the area being treated. One example is hair loss with radiation to the head or neck. Another example is urinary problems if the lower belly is radiated.

Most of these problems will go away soon after the treatment ends. But sometimes the side effects are permanent, such as when the salivary glands are damaged.

And sometimes side effects may show up months or years after radiation therapy. These can include:

  • Skin changes (from external radiation treatments).
  • Damage to the bowels that causes diarrhea and bleeding or an obstruction.
  • Chronic bladder or rectal irritation.
  • Vaginal scarring (vaginal fibrosis).
  • Memory loss.
  • Infertility (not being able to become pregnant or father a child).
  • Harm to your lungs or heart.
  • In rare cases, a second cancer caused by exposure to radiation.

This information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise, Incorporated, disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. Your use of this information means that you agree to the Terms of Use. Learn how we develop our content.

To learn more about Healthwise, visit Healthwise.org.

© 1995-2023 Healthwise, Incorporated. Healthwise, Healthwise for every health decision, and the Healthwise logo are trademarks of Healthwise, Incorporated.

<cipublic-spinner variant="large"><span>Loading…</span></cipublic-spinner>

Page Footer

Quiero...

Obtener una tarjeta ID Presentar un reclamo Ver mis reclamos y EOB Verificar la cobertura de mi plan Ver la lista de medicamentos con receta Buscar un médico, dentista o centro dentro de la red Buscar un formulario Buscar información del formulario de impuestos 1095-B Ver el Glosario de Cigna Comunicarme con Cigna

Audiencia

Individuos y familias Medicare Empleadores Agentes Proveedores

Sitios seguros para miembros

Portal myCigna para miembros Portal para proveedores de cuidado de la salud Cigna para empleadores Portal de recursos para clientes Cigna para agentes

Información sobre The Cigna Group

Acerca de The Cigna Group Perfil de la compañía Empleos Sala de prensa Inversionistas Distribuidores The Cigna Group Administradores externos Internacional Evernorth

 Cigna. Todos los derechos reservados.

Privacidad Asuntos legales Divulgaciones sobre productos Nombres de la compañía Cigna Derechos de los clientes Accesibilidad Aviso sobre no discriminación Asistencia idiomática [PDF] Reportar fraude Mapa del sitio

Aviso legal

Los planes individuales y familiares de seguro médico y dental están asegurados por Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company (CHLIC), Cigna HealthCare of Arizona, Inc., Cigna HealthCare of Illinois, Inc., Cigna HealthCare of Georgia, Inc., Cigna HealthCare of North Carolina, Inc., Cigna HealthCare of South Carolina, Inc. y Cigna HealthCare of Texas, Inc. Los planes de beneficios de salud y de seguro de salud de grupo están asegurados o administrados por CHLIC, Connecticut General Life Insurance Company (CGLIC) o sus afiliadas (puedes ver un listado de las entidades legales que aseguran o administran HMO para grupos, HMO dentales y otros productos o servicios en tu estado). Los planes o pólizas de seguro para lesiones accidentales, enfermedades críticas y cuidado hospitalario son distribuidos exclusivamente por o a través de subsidiarias operativas de Cigna Corporation, son administrados por Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company y están asegurados por (i) Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company (Bloomfield, CT), (ii) Life Insurance Company of North America (“LINA”) (Philadelphia, PA) o (iii) New York Life Group Insurance Company of NY (“NYLGICNY”) (New York, NY), anteriormente llamada Cigna Life Insurance Company of New York. El nombre Cigna, el logotipo y otras marcas de Cigna son propiedad de Cigna Intellectual Property, Inc. LINA y NYLGICNY no son afiliadas de Cigna.

Todas las pólizas de seguros y los planes de beneficios de grupo contienen exclusiones y limitaciones. Para conocer la disponibilidad, los costos y detalles completos de la cobertura, comunícate con un agente autorizado o con un representante de ventas de Cigna. Este sitio web no está dirigido a los residentes de New Mexico.

Al seleccionar estos enlaces saldrás de Cigna.com hacia otro sitio web que podría no ser un sitio web de Cigna. Cigna no puede controlar el contenido ni los enlaces de sitios web que no son de Cigna. Detalles