Condition Basics
What is depression in children and teens?
Depression is a serious mood disorder that can take the joy from a child's life. It is normal for a child to be moody or sad from time to time. You can expect these feelings after the death of a pet or a move to a new city. But if these feelings last for weeks or months, they may be a sign of depression.
Depression can range from mild to severe. A child who feels a little "down" most of the time for a year or more may have a milder, ongoing form of depression called dysthymia (say "dis-THY-mee-uh"). In its most severe form, depression can cause a child to lose hope and want to die.
Experts used to think that only adults could get depression. Now we know that even a young child can have depression that needs treatment to improve.
What causes it?
What causes depression is not well understood. It is thought to be caused by an imbalance of chemicals that send messages between nerve cells in the brain. Some of these chemicals help regulate mood. If these mood-influencing chemicals get out of balance, depression or other mood disorders can result.
What are the symptoms?
Children or teens with depression may be sad all the time. Sometimes they may seem grumpy or bored, or they may complain of stomachaches or headaches. They may feel hopeless, worthless, or guilty. They may have trouble concentrating, thinking, or making decisions. They may think a lot about death or suicide.
How is it diagnosed?
A doctor may do a physical exam and ask questions about your child's past health. You and your child may be asked to fill out a form about your child's symptoms. Your child may also have tests to help rule out physical problems, such as a low thyroid level or anemia.
How is depression in children and teens treated?
Treatment usually includes professional counseling, medicine, and education about depression for your child and your family. Home treatment is an important part of treating depression. It includes regular exercise, healthy eating, and getting enough sleep.
How can you help prevent depression from coming back in a child or teen?
You can do a lot to keep your child's depression from coming back. Know your child's risk of depression returning. Encourage healthy choices, like regular exercise. Know the warning signs that depression is coming back. Be sure your child stays with the treatment. Stopping treatment too soon is a common cause of depression returning.